Pigeons do not migrate. Instead, their natural instinct is to stay in the area where they were born and as pigeon hatchings occur three or four times per year this results in ever increasing numbers of birds in the area. To remove this problem you need to prevent access to the area.

Health and Safety
Bird droppings from areas such as external air-conditioning units, window ledges, pathways, water treatment or supply systems, and pedestrian entrances should be removed as soon as possible, to eliminate possible health and safety risks to the public.

Birds, especially pigeons, are the cause of many diseases of humans and domestic animals. Even birds, which appear to be healthy, can carry diseases. There are more than 60 transmittable diseases that are associated with pigeons, starlings and sparrows. 

Both protected and unprotected species of bird can be a risk to humans. Nests in structures can be a fire hazard and a source of mite and insect parasites that can affect people. And, while the direct transmission of disease from birds to humans is uncommon, life-threatening diseases can be contracted from their droppings. 

Risks to the Public
The close association of birds with humans give rise to the possibility of disease transmission. Bird droppings contain pathogenic fungi and bacteria that cause, histoplasmosis, chlamydiosis, and cryptococcosis, and other lung diseases in humans.  
 
Histoplasmosis and Ornithosis
 These are respiratory diseases similar to viral pneumonia and can infect humans and -domestic pets such as dogs and cats. Histoplasmosis originates from a fungus which lives in dry bird droppings (pigeon and starlings). Serious infections in humans are seen as high fevers, blood abnormalities, blindness and even death. The fungus actually lives in warm, moist conditions which frequently occur under decomposing droppings of starling and pigeon nests/roosts, Surveys have shown that up to 75% of a pigeon flock can be infected with pigeon ornithosis.  
 
Cryptococcosis
This is caused by a yeast found in the intestinal tract of pigeons. The disease often begins as a pulmonary infection which can spread to the nervous system. It is particularly prevalent in old and established bird roosts where dried droppings are disturbed and inhaled, e.g. demolition work.  
 
Psittacosis
 The bacteria that causes Psittacosis is found in the droppings of pigeons and other birds and can be inhaled by breathing the air introduced by air conditioning systems which carry the organism from the bird roost. Pigeons most frequently roost on and around a/c units on city buildings and other structures which leads to the transmittal of this bacterium. The most susceptible to these diseases are people who breathe the air in buildings which have old and established bird roosts. While on-site, technicians are continuously exposed to the air containing these micro organisms which have a proven likelihood of infection.  
 
Salmonellosis
Often occurs as food poisoning and the bacteria can be found In bird droppings. Infection can be spread through dirt circulated by fans, air conditioning etc., thereby contaminating products, packaging, surfaces of food preparation areas, etc. Salmonellosis is evidenced by acute gastro-enteritis, diarrhoea and stomach upsets.

Pigeons have also been implicated in the transmission of several diseases such as pigeon ornithosis, encephalitis, and salmonella food poisoning. However the transmission of diseases from pigeon to the public are difficult to assess. The pigeon is also host to various species of mites, fleas, ticks, and bugs, many of which can be the source of skin irritations.  

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